131. Van Staden,
132. Biologically
133. butenolide
134. compound
135. (3-methyl-2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-one)
136. was
137. successfully
138. isolated
139. burnt
140. plant-derived
141. later
142. referred
143. karrikinolide
144. karrikins,
145. which
146. regulators
147. Research
148. enhancing
149. crop
150. shown
151. that
152. smoke-water promotes
153. seedling
154. development
155. maize,
156. okra,
157. bean
158. rice
159. Smoke-water
160. has been
161. promote
162. seedling
163. under
164. greenhouse
165. experiment
166. However
167. combination
168. been
169. well
170. researched
171. efficacy
172. these
173. natural
174. investigated
175. applied
176. pot
177. field experiments.
178. Fertilizer
179. Attempt
180. elucidate
181. whether
182. partially
183. substitute
184. fertilizer.