Steven Paul Jobs (/ˈdʒɒbz/; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011)[3][4] was an American entrepreneur,[5] marketer,[6] and inventor,[7] who was the cofounder, chairman, and CEO of Apple Inc. Through Apple, he is widely recognized as a charismatic and design-driven pioneer of the personal computer revolution[8][9] and for his influential career in the computer and consumer electronics fields, transforming "one industry after another, from computers and smartphones to music and movies."[10] Jobs cofounded and served as chief executive of Pixar Animation Studios; he became a member of the board of directors of The Walt Disney Company in 2006, when Disney acquired Pixar. Jobs was among the first to see the commercial potential of Xerox PARC's mouse-driven graphical user interface, which led to the creation of the Apple Lisa and, a year later, the Macintosh. He played a role in introducing the LaserWriter, one of the first widely available laser printers, to the market.[11]
After a power struggle with the board of directors in 1985, Jobs left Apple and founded NeXT, a computer platform development company specializing in the higher-education and business markets. In 1986, he acquired the computer graphics division of Lucasfilm, which was spun off as Pixar.[12] He was credited in Toy Story (1995) as an executive producer and characteristically forgiving principal investor of Pixar. He served as CEO and majority shareholder until Disney's purchase of Pixar in 2006.[13] In 1996, after Apple had failed to deliver its operating system, Copland, Gil Amelio turned to NeXT Computer, and the NeXTSTEP platform became the foundation for the Mac OS X.[14] Jobs returned to Apple as an advisor, and took control of the company as an interim CEO. Jobs brought Apple from near bankruptcy to profitability by 1998.[15][16][17]
As the new CEO of the company, Jobs oversaw the development of the iMac, iTunes, iPod, iPhone, and iPad, and on the services side, the company's Apple Retail Stores, iTunes Store and the App Store.[18] The success of these products and services provided several years of stable financial returns, and propelled Apple to become the world's most valuable publicly traded company in 2011.[19] The reinvigoration of the company is regarded by many commentators as one of the greatest turnarounds in business history.[20][21][22]
In 2003, Jobs was diagnosed with a pancreas neuroendocrine tumor. Though it was initially treated, he reported a hormone imbalance, underwent a liver transplant in 2009, and appeared progressively thinner as his health declined.[23] On medical leave for most of 2011, Jobs resigned in August that year, and was elected Chairman of the Board. He died of respiratory arrest related to the tumor on October 5, 2011.
Jobs received a number of honors and public recognition for his influence in the technology and music industries. He has been referred to as "legendary", a "futurist" and a "visionary",[24][25][26][27] and has been described as the "Father of the Digital Revolution,"[28] a "master of innovation,"[29][30] "the master evangelist of the digital age"[31] and a "design perfectionist."[32][33]
Steven Paul Jobs (/ˈdʒɒbz/; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011)[3][4] was an American entrepreneur,[5] marketer,[6] and inventor,[7] who was the cofounder, chairman, and CEO of Apple Inc. Through Apple, he is widely recognized as a charismatic and design-driven pioneer of the personal computer revolution[8][9] and for his influential career in the computer and consumer electronics fields, transforming "one industry after another, from computers and smartphones to music and movies."[10] Jobs cofounded and served as chief executive of Pixar Animation Studios; he became a member of the board of directors of The Walt Disney Company in 2006, when Disney acquired Pixar. Jobs was among the first to see the commercial potential of Xerox PARC's mouse-driven graphical user interface, which led to the creation of the Apple Lisa and, a year later, the Macintosh. He played a role in introducing the LaserWriter, one of the first widely available laser printers, to the market.[11]หลังจากกำลังต่อสู้กับคณะกรรมการในปี 1985 งานจากแอปเปิ้ล และก่อตั้งบริษัทแพลตฟอร์มคอมพิวเตอร์พัฒนาในตลาดสูงขึ้นการศึกษา และธุรกิจ ใน 1986 เขามาส่วนกราฟิกคอมพิวเตอร์ของลูคัสฟิล์ม การสานออกเป็นพิกซาร์[12] เขามีเครดิตในทอยสตอรี่ (1995) เป็นโปรดิวเซอร์ผู้บริหารและ characteristically อภัยนักหลักของพิกซาร์ เขาทำหน้าที่เป็นซีอีโอ และผู้ถือหุ้นส่วนใหญ่ของดิสนีย์ซื้อพิกซาร์ในปี 2006 จน[13] ในปี 1996 หลังจากที่แอปเปิลได้ล้มเหลวในการจัดส่งระบบปฏิบัติการ Copland, Gil Amelio เปิดคอมพิวเตอร์เครื่องถัดไป และแพลตฟอร์ม NeXTSTEP เป็น รากฐานสำหรับงาน Mac OS x. อัพ [14] กลับไปยังแอปเปิ้ลเป็น และควบคุมบริษัทเป็น CEO ชั่ว งานนำแอปเปิ้ลจากใกล้ล้มละลายเพื่อผลกำไร โดยปี 1998[15][16][17]เป็นซีอีโอใหม่ของบริษัท งานดูแลการพัฒนา ของ iMac, iTunes, iPod, iPhone, iPad และ ด้านบริการ ร้าน ค้าปลีก Apple ของบริษัท ร้าน iTunes และ App Store[18] ความสำเร็จของผลิตภัณฑ์และบริการเหล่านี้มีหลายปีของคอกแทนทางการเงิน และแอปเปิ้ลอในเป็น ค่ะส่วนใหญ่ของโลกเผยซื้อขายบริษัทในปี 2554[19] ที่ reinvigoration ของบริษัทถือเป็นแสดงมากเป็น turnarounds มากที่สุดในประวัติศาสตร์ธุรกิจอย่างใดอย่างหนึ่ง[20][21][22]In 2003, Jobs was diagnosed with a pancreas neuroendocrine tumor. Though it was initially treated, he reported a hormone imbalance, underwent a liver transplant in 2009, and appeared progressively thinner as his health declined.[23] On medical leave for most of 2011, Jobs resigned in August that year, and was elected Chairman of the Board. He died of respiratory arrest related to the tumor on October 5, 2011.Jobs received a number of honors and public recognition for his influence in the technology and music industries. He has been referred to as "legendary", a "futurist" and a "visionary",[24][25][26][27] and has been described as the "Father of the Digital Revolution,"[28] a "master of innovation,"[29][30] "the master evangelist of the digital age"[31] and a "design perfectionist."[32][33]
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