The terrestrial Myxococcus xanthus strain DK1622 was the first myxobacterium to have its 9.14 Mb genome sequenced, with the initial aim to study its swarming motility and fruiting body formation [36]. At the same time, this work reinforced the notion that large genomes often correlate with the potential for prolific secondary metabolite production by revealing almost 8.6% of the genome to be possibly involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites [36]. Mining this genome for the pres- ence of PKS and NRPS genes exposed 18 biosynthetic clusters, with a predominance of hybrid PKS-NRPS systems [37]. M. xanthus strain DK1622 is responsible for the synthesis of metabolites like DKxanthene-534 (8, Figure 4), a pigment re- quired for fruiting body formation and sporulation processes [37] and the siderophore myxochelin A (9), which belongs to a class of compounds that have recently been shown to have anti- proliferative effects on leukemic K-562 cells [27].