Abstract: A comprehensive review summarizes the nutritional requirements of growing infants, the consequences of immature gastrointestinal physiology, and nutritional aspects of pediatric disorder management that interfere with optimal nutrition. Attention is given to: energy, protein, and noncaloric nutrient requirements; the development of motility, digestion, and absorption; nutritional assessment; evaluation of the gastrointestinal tract; feeding of normal, preterm, and hospitalized infants; common problems of infants that may respond to dietary therapy (e.g.: constipation, colic, gastroesophageal reflux, gastroenteritis, chronic diarrhea, celiac disease, cow milk protein allergy); and specialized feedings. Copious data and information on infant formulas, oral rehydration solutions, and gluten-free diets are included.(wz)