INTRODUCTION
Hemophilia A is the most common severe X-linked recessive bleeding disorder (Ensenauer et al., 2003)caused by decreased activity of factor VIII due to heterogenous mutations in FVIII coding gene (F8).
The word ‘Hemophilia’ was first used by Hopff in 1828.
Hemophilia A is also called “the royal disease” because Queen Victoria of England (1837 to 1901)was a carrier, and from her it spread to the royal families of Spain, Germany and Russia. Hemophilia A is a model disorder in the field of molecular human genetics due to several factors, including the influence of other proteins on the penetrance and characteristics of the disease (for example, factor V, prothrombin and von Willebrand factor).
The sequence of the F8 coding gene was first reported by Gitschier in 1984.
A large number of mutations that cause hemophilia A have been identified (Gitschier et al., 1984).
Mutations in the F8 gene, located at the telomeric end of the long arm of the X chromosome, include the intron 22 and intron 1 invers ion hot spots, point mutations (nonsense and missense