Sprigman has suggested the reintroduction of meaningful formalities as a means of addressing the overprotection problem. n75 In seriously limiting the enforcement rights of creators who do not comply with registration, notice, or renewal formalities, these proposals directly address the overprotection problem by substantially reducing the class of works vested with full protection, moving copyright law closer to pre-1976 levels of protection. The formalities could also feature a process by which some subset of the exclusive rights could be selected, giving the system a flavor of heterogeneity. n76