HM pectins form gel in acidic systems (pH 2.0–3.5) with the presence of large concentrations (55–75%) of co-solutes such
as sucrose or sorbitol; while LM pectins can gel in the absence of co-solutes, particularly sucrose, with the addition of divalent ions such as calcium, over a wide range of pH [pH 2.0–6.0] (Lopes da Silva