Factors related to prelacteal feeding and late (>12 hours) initiation of breastfeeding were studied separately. The following factors were found to be associated in the adjusted analysis with prelacteal feeds: In Burkina Faso being among the least poor 2/5 in the socioeconomic ranking, having antenatal care visits, getting the intervention, as well as relatively high WLZ were associated with not giving prelacteal feeds. In South Africa this also applied for WLZ. In Uganda antenatal care visits were borderline statistically associated with the prevalence of prelacteal feeding, thus, an opposite result from Burkina Faso. The trial was associated with less prelacteal feeding.