2) Carotenoid pigments
1. The salmonid fishes (Atlantic salmon) is the salmon-pink color of their flesh
2. Coloring of the flesh is of great importance to the salmonid aquaculture industry
3. Astaxanthin (carotenoids)
4. Salmonids are not able to synthesize astaxanthin and depend on an adequate supply through their feed to obtain the color
5. Carotenoid pigment is used in Rainbow trout
6. An important source of astaxanthin in industrial production is the yeast
7. Astaxanthin is also the major carotenoid pigment in shrimp, crab, lobster, and shellfish waste (shell)
8. Proteolytic enzyme treatment
① Recovery of the cartenoid pigment along with the protein
② The proteolytic enzymes trypsin type proteases
- Pure bovine trypsin recovered a carotenoprotein fraction containing about 80% of the protein and
carotenoid pigments present in shrimp offal
- Atlantic cod trypsin recovered 64% of astaxanthin and 81% of shrimp waste protein
- Pure bovine pancreatic trypsin recovered 49% of the astaxanthin and 65% of the waste protein
- The use of pure fish enzymes is not feasible because they are very expensive
9. The autolysis of crustacean waste in acid ensilaging prior to pigment extraction may be used to increase
the recovery yield of astaxanthin