FIGURE 1 | Different models of exo-endocytosis coupling in
neuroendocrine cells. Hormone sorting and large dense core granule
biogenesis occurs at the trans-Golgi network. Mature granules either
constitute the reserve pool or are recruited to the plasma membrane as a
readily releasable pool. Large proteins (blue dots), small neuropeptides (black
dots), and small molecules like catecholamines (red dots) can be released
differentially according to the exo-endocytosis mode. During “kiss-and-run”
mode, only small molecules are released through a narrow fusion pore,
whereas cavicapture (granule cavity capture) allow the partial release of small
neuropeptides (7). Note that for these two modes, retrieval of intact granules