3. Theoretical Background
This research is based on the theoretical framework introduced by Likert (1969) whereby Likert had identified
that there are two different styles of leadership namely leadership which is oriented towards tasks and leadership
which is oriented towards the relationship with employees. Leaders who practised the taskes oriented leadership
style are those who are being autocratic and depends on their power and position to influence their
sub-ordinates.This type of leaders are usually very strict and always make sure that the employees follow the
rules and regulations set in order to perform well in their tasks. Fleishman (1973) believed that the
Tasks-oriented leadership style can determine clearly of the tasks one has to handle. This was further emphasised
by Jami Salih (2003) where a leader of this type works best based on giving his sub-ordinates the schedule for
tasks and trying out new ideas.
Meanwhile, leaders who are employee oriented would be regarded as leaders who are democratic who always
give space and chance for his employees to be involved in any process of decision-making. According to Hersey
and Blanchard (1982), leadership style of a leader can indirectly influence the behaviours of others. Hence, a
leader should be aware of the leadership style he is implementing because he will always be observed by his
sub-ordinates.