The PMA index, developed by Schour & Massler (1947) and described by Massler (1967) is
probably the first successful attempt to design a numerical system for recording gingival
health. The index scores gingival units as separate entities and is based on the premise that
inflammation commences in the interdental papilla (P) from where it spreads to the
marginal (M) and ultimately the attached gingiva (A). Each gingival unit is scored on the
basis of 0-4. Only the labial surfaces are examined. The number of affected Papillary,
Marginal and Attached units are counted for each individual and recorded. Its major
purpose has been the evaluation of gingival inflammation in children.
the tooth surface with a periodontal probe.
d. The free gingiva also forms the soft tissue wall of the gingival sulcus.
e. The free gingiva meets the tooth in a thin, rounded edge called the gingival
margin.