Eligible participants were aged 40 to 69 years, not known to have diabetes, and with a Cambridge Diabetes Risk Score $0.17, corresponding to the top 25% of participants’ risk distribution (18). Exclusion criteria were pregnancy, lactation, illness with a prognosis of death in #1 year, or a psychiatric illness likely to preclude involvement/informed consent. In total, 33,539 eligible individuals were invited to partake in the screening program. Diabetes was diagnosed according to World Health Organization criteria (19). Details on ADDITION-Cambridge study participant recruitment have been published (17).