In each of these countries, HIV rates among general population samples are below 1.0, except Thailand, at 1.18% of reproductive age adults.
Across Asia, then, MSM are at markedly increased risk for HIV infection compared to other men and women of reproductive age. The consistency of this finding is striking and underscores the urgent need for more effective HIV prevention tools for MSM in Asia. Thailand with its long history of support for collaborative HIV prevention research will likely play important roles in the development, testing, and implementation of these new strategies.