Background: The increasing response of postprandial triglyceride caused by food intake, which is influenced by amount, composition, and emulsification form of fatty acids, is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. Oil is a source of fatty acid and they contain different composition of fatty acids. Coconut oil, palm oil, and corn oil are frequently used as frying oil. Frying process can change the composition of fatty acids in oil, which never been studied before by using Indonesian typical breakfast, fried rice. This study is conducted in order to know the effect of coconut oil, palm oil, and corn oil, as frying oil on postprandial triglyceride response in physiologic condition.
Method: The experimental study conducted to 67 healthy males, 19–29 years old who had same meal pattern and activities, divided into four groups randomly: control group, coconut oil group, palm oil group, and corn oil group. Some factors that influenced postprandial triglyceride response had been proven homogeny in this study. Laboratory screening to examine hemoglobin level, leukocyte count, blood sediment rate, SGOT, SGPT, ureum and creatinine level, lipid profile, and fasting blood glucose, showed normal results. After 12 h fast, subjects were given fried rice which was cooked using 40 g frying oil according to their treatment group. Triglyceride levels were measured from fasting and post meal blood samples (1, 3, and 6 h post meal). These data were used to determine the width area under the curve (AUC) as postprandial triglyceride response.
Results: One way ANOVAs test, continued with Games–Howell post hoc test showed that there was no significance difference (p > 0.05) on postprandial triglyceride response among coconut oil [217.088 (SD 140.686) mg/dl], palm oil [279.031 (SD 158.517) mg/dl], and corn oil [231.382 (SD 121.23] mg/dl). This research also showed a tendency that food intake contains coconut oil caused the lowest postprandial triglyceride response compared with palm oil and corn oil, eventhough there was no significance difference among the three oils.
Conclusion: No significant difference on postprandial triglyceride response after food intake that contains coconut oil, palm oil, and corn oil if those oils were given as frying oil.