Twenty-four indicators were created (Table 1) and tested using the detection rate defined by Eq. (1) in order to efficiently select pesticides that would likely be detected if monitored. The combination of indicators C4 and C8 maximized the detection rate, suggesting that this combination was the best for selecting the pesticides of probable detection. This result reflected the importance of local pesticide consumption according to rice-farming/upland-field application, guideline value, degradation and adsorption properties as quantified by score values, and annual precipitation.
The application of the indicators suggests that the primary group of JDWQG should be amended with the addition of 44 pesticides, as well as the removal of 17 pesticides. The probability of detection of the 44 pesticides was more than 72%. Whether these 44 pesticides can actually be detected is an important question, and a long-term, follow-up study is needed to answer this question. Before nationwide monitoring of these pesticides can be implemented, several tasks will have to be completed, including the establishment of standard analytical methods and official revision of the primary group. Furthermore, our results suggest that local variations in pesticide use are an important aspect of predicting the probability of pesticide detection. Additional studies may allow the prediction of pesticide detection locations. In this study, we used binary statistical data: pesticides were either detected or not detected. However, the probability of detection or no-detection could also be predicted from quantitative data for measured pesticide concentrations. Further study will provide additional data for the selection of regulated pesticides.
Twenty-four indicators were created (Table 1) and tested using the detection rate defined by Eq. (1) in order to efficiently select pesticides that would likely be detected if monitored. The combination of indicators C4 and C8 maximized the detection rate, suggesting that this combination was the best for selecting the pesticides of probable detection. This result reflected the importance of local pesticide consumption according to rice-farming/upland-field application, guideline value, degradation and adsorption properties as quantified by score values, and annual precipitation.
The application of the indicators suggests that the primary group of JDWQG should be amended with the addition of 44 pesticides, as well as the removal of 17 pesticides. The probability of detection of the 44 pesticides was more than 72%. Whether these 44 pesticides can actually be detected is an important question, and a long-term, follow-up study is needed to answer this question. Before nationwide monitoring of these pesticides can be implemented, several tasks will have to be completed, including the establishment of standard analytical methods and official revision of the primary group. Furthermore, our results suggest that local variations in pesticide use are an important aspect of predicting the probability of pesticide detection. Additional studies may allow the prediction of pesticide detection locations. In this study, we used binary statistical data: pesticides were either detected or not detected. However, the probability of detection or no-detection could also be predicted from quantitative data for measured pesticide concentrations. Further study will provide additional data for the selection of regulated pesticides.
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