As a matter of facts , outsourcing can be seen as a cost-effective strategy based on the total or partial transfer of
logistic (i.e. 3PL – Third Parties Provider, 4PL – Fourth Parties Providers, etc.) or production processes to outside
suppliers that can be globally distributed. Thus, agility relies on the capability of responding to shifts in the
marked demand with relatively little time overcoming the limitations due to internal capacity constraints.
However, it implies that the number of actors involved in the overall supply chain grows exponentially and risks
increase accordingly. In other words as complexity rises, supply chain becomes even more vulnerable. This is
particularly true for food since products have a shorter life cycle and organoleptic characteristics that may be easily
damaged as process and distribution conditions change. In other words products are perishable and if quality is not
guaranteed to the consumer, serious damages may be caused to his/her health