A significant trend in container port operations has been the increase of the role of private operators (Olivier and Slack, 2006; Slack and Fremont, 2005). In an era characterized by lower levels of direct public involvement in the management of transport terminals, specialized port operators have emerged. Concession agreements in which subdiary companies (commonly joint ventures) are established have been the major tool for port operators to take control of terminals. A concession agreement is a long-term lease of port facilities involving the requirement that the concessionaire undertakes capital investments to build, expand, or maintain the cargo-handling facilities, equipment, and infrastructure. This enables port authorities to secure additional revenue and minimize risk by leasing some of their facilities. Elsewhere, a simple minority stake was acquired by shipping lines, enough to secure handling capacity for their vessels.