Unlike Sheard et al. [10], we did restrict the choice to a
single skill, since needing more than one skill could make the
question more difficult to answer, and it is therefore useful to
know how many skills are needed. For example, one question
could require the student to depict something using a graphical
representation and also to give an explanation through a short
answer. However, for questions involving both program design
and coding, we agreed to use only the ‘Design program’
criterion, which subsumes code writing, and the style of the
question, in that case, would be ‘code’.