The notions of “new reform agenda” and “augmented Washington Consensus” prevailing in the early 21st century as frontiers in hegemonic policy discourse were quite limited in their transformational capacity and their “within the system” lexicon (“targeted poverty alleviation” is our favorite—if only it were that simple!). But the new millennium also brought a more vividly termed approach from a reshuffled institutional framework. The key terms in the new liberal neoliberalism are “Millennium Development Goals” (MDGs) and “debt relief”; the key institutional actors include, besides the United States and the IFIs (the World Bank and IMF), a broader coalition of wealthy countries meeting as the Group of 7 or 8 (G7/G8), the United Nations as a body and as specific development agencies (the United Nations Development Program especially), and one important development economist, Jeffrey D. Sachs (we cover Sachs’s most recent ideas in the next chapter). At the Millennium Summit held at the UN in September 2000, the largest gathering of world leaders in history adopted the UN Millennium Declaration, committing their nations to a global partnership that pledged to reduce extreme poverty and setting out a series of time-bound targets, with a deadline of 2015, that became known as the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The MDGs outlined in Table 3.2 are said to be “basic human rights—the rights of each person on the planet to health, education, shelter, and security.”