Limit competing services. The development of competing services that are owned by physicians is a controversial subject. Competing services can have deleterious effects on hospital profitability. Physicians' use of their own x-ray facilities, diagnostic laboratories, and physical rehabilitation, cardiac rehabilitation, radiation therapy, mammography, and sports medicine services can compete directly with hospital-provided services. While it is difficult to avoid grandfathering the use of existing services, an explicit policy shoould be established whereby leases restrict any further competitive services within a hospital campus.