In our laboratory, NaOH/urea aqueous solutions have been developed to dissolve cellulose. In NaOH/urea aqueous solution, NaOH “hydrates” can be more easily attracted to cellulose chains through the formation of new hydrogen-bonded networks at low temperatures, while the urea hydrates can possibly be selfassembled at the surface of the NaOH hydrogen-bonded cellulose to form an inclusion complex (IC), leading to the good dissolution