Although citizenship production is discussed as a central task of nation-states, how this actually happens through schools is still not well understood. In fact, there is little sociological knowledge about the institutional links among the nation-state, mass schooling, and global citizenship and the individual impact of these institutional links—although there has been important cross-national research specifically on civic education (e.g., Torney-Purta et al., 2001; Torney-Purta, Oppenheim, & Famen, 1975; Torney-Purta et al., 1999).