1. Introduction
Cellulose is the most abundant, inexpensive and readily available carbohydrate polymer in the world,
traditionally extracted from plants or their wastes. This polymer normally branches with hemicellulose and lignin
has to undergo unhealthy chemical process with harsh alkali and acid treatment to obtain the pure product (Sun,
2008). Increasing demand on derivatives of plant cellulose had increased wood consumption as raw material,
causing deforestation and global environmental issue (Park et al., 2003).
Although plant is the major contributor of cellulose, various bacteria are able to produce cellulose as an
alternative source. Bacterial cellulose (BC) was initially reported by Brown (1988) who identified the growth of
unbranched pellicle with chemically equivalent structure as plant cellulose. Due to BC structure that consist only
1. IntroductionCellulose is the most abundant, inexpensive and readily available carbohydrate polymer in the world,traditionally extracted from plants or their wastes. This polymer normally branches with hemicellulose and ligninhas to undergo unhealthy chemical process with harsh alkali and acid treatment to obtain the pure product (Sun,2008). Increasing demand on derivatives of plant cellulose had increased wood consumption as raw material,causing deforestation and global environmental issue (Park et al., 2003).Although plant is the major contributor of cellulose, various bacteria are able to produce cellulose as analternative source. Bacterial cellulose (BC) was initially reported by Brown (1988) who identified the growth ofunbranched pellicle with chemically equivalent structure as plant cellulose. Due to BC structure that consist only
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