Mid 19th – mid 20th centuries
What’s different?
- Focused on Asia and Africa.
- Direct involvement of national governments.
- Total control of countries, not just economic.
Influence of Industrial Revolution
- New superiority of western industrial weaponry, and technology. (Gatling gun/machine gun, steamships, telegraph.)
- More commodities to bribe, buy off locals.
*Large-scale use of quinine. Anti-malarial drug.