To date, most studies evaluating pain associated with cesarean
birth have focused on delivery procedures or postoperative pain control methods rather
than on the nature or severity of the pain experience of women, despite the increasing
incidence and maternal requests for cesarean delivery. The objective in this study was to
evaluate sensory, affective, and laterality aspects of pain after cesarean delivery and
vaginal delivery.
Methods:
A prospective cohort study using a seven-item visual analog
scale assessed pain at rest and with activity, and the unpleasantness and location of pain
on postpartum days 1 and 2. Chart review identi
fi
ed demographic and clinical factors
in
fl
uencing pain. Multivariable regression and propensity score analyses were used to
evaluate patient-level outcomes.
Results:
Of 126 consenting women, 48 underwent cesarean
delivery and 78 had vaginal delivery. No statistically signi
fi
cant differences in pain at rest
and pain unpleasantness were found between groups on postpartum day 1, but women
undergoing cesarean delivery reported more pain with activity than those who had a
vaginal delivery (
p
<
0.0002). On postpartum day 2, cesarean delivery women reported
signi
fi
cantly more pain when compared with those with a vaginal delivery (
p
<
0.04), and
more cesarean delivery women reported lateralized pain (
p
<
0.0001). In multivariate
regression analyses, cesarean delivery was the most signi
fi
cant predictor of activity-related
pain on postpartum day 1 (
p
<
0.00001), followed by current substance abuse (
p
<
0.01).
Women undergoing cesarean delivery required twice the dosage of analgesics on
postpartum day 1 and four times greater amounts on postpartum day 2 relative to those
with a vaginal delivery (
p
<
0.01 and
p
<
0.001).
Conclusions:
Cesarean delivery was
associated with higher levels of pain, more unpleasant pain, more lateralized pain, and
greater narcotic use than vaginal delivery. Evaluation of factors associated with postpartum
pain can help practitioners to counsel women better about their delivery alternatives and
can promote improved management of women undergoing both types of delivery
experiences (BIRTH 40:2 June 2013).
To date, most studies evaluating pain associated with cesarean
birth have focused on delivery procedures or postoperative pain control methods rather
than on the nature or severity of the pain experience of women, despite the increasing
incidence and maternal requests for cesarean delivery. The objective in this study was to
evaluate sensory, affective, and laterality aspects of pain after cesarean delivery and
vaginal delivery.
Methods:
A prospective cohort study using a seven-item visual analog
scale assessed pain at rest and with activity, and the unpleasantness and location of pain
on postpartum days 1 and 2. Chart review identi
fi
ed demographic and clinical factors
in
fl
uencing pain. Multivariable regression and propensity score analyses were used to
evaluate patient-level outcomes.
Results:
Of 126 consenting women, 48 underwent cesarean
delivery and 78 had vaginal delivery. No statistically signi
fi
cant differences in pain at rest
and pain unpleasantness were found between groups on postpartum day 1, but women
undergoing cesarean delivery reported more pain with activity than those who had a
vaginal delivery (
p
<
0.0002). On postpartum day 2, cesarean delivery women reported
signi
fi
cantly more pain when compared with those with a vaginal delivery (
p
<
0.04), and
more cesarean delivery women reported lateralized pain (
p
<
0.0001). In multivariate
regression analyses, cesarean delivery was the most signi
fi
cant predictor of activity-related
pain on postpartum day 1 (
p
<
0.00001), followed by current substance abuse (
p
<
0.01).
Women undergoing cesarean delivery required twice the dosage of analgesics on
postpartum day 1 and four times greater amounts on postpartum day 2 relative to those
with a vaginal delivery (
p
<
0.01 and
p
<
0.001).
Conclusions:
Cesarean delivery was
associated with higher levels of pain, more unpleasant pain, more lateralized pain, and
greater narcotic use than vaginal delivery. Evaluation of factors associated with postpartum
pain can help practitioners to counsel women better about their delivery alternatives and
can promote improved management of women undergoing both types of delivery
experiences (BIRTH 40:2 June 2013).
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