Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy
For FTIR analysis, the nanoparticle solution was centrifuged
at 25,000×g for 20 min and the pellet was washed
three times in deionised water to remove the unbound
components. The purified sample was then dried and
ground with KBr powder and pelleted for subsequent
analysis on a Jasco FTIR 5300 spectrophotometer.