Tests themselves are often flawed, and high-stakes become high-stakes disasters.When Martin Swaden's daughter failed the state math test by a single answer,Swaden requested to see the exam so that he could help his daughter correct her errors and pass the test next time around. It took a threatened lawsuit before he was able to meet with a state official to ex-amine the answers. Together they made an amazing discovery: six of the sixty-eight answers were keyed incrrectly, not only for his daughter ,but for all the student in Monnesota. Jobs had been lost,summers ruined, the joy of graduation turned to humiliation for those who wewe misidentified as having failed.