Segmentation is a key step towards derivation of semantics from digital images. The goal of segmentation in representation of an image into something that is more meaningful and easier to analyze. However, since th segmentation problem, these methods often have to be combined with domain knowledge in order to effecti particular domain. Some of the general-purpose segmentation methods are region growing, histogram evalu growing starts with a single pixel (current region) and progresses by recursively examining the adjacent pixe added to the current region, otherwise a new region is formed.
Histogram evaluation takes place by computation of a color or intensity based histogram from all of the pixe histogram are then used to locate different regions in the image. Graph cut models the image into a weighted graph, and an edge is formed between every pair of pixels. The weight of an edge is a measure of the similari into disjoint sets (segments) by removing the edges connecting the segments. Clustering refers to the proces pixels which are in the same group (cluster) are similar among them and are dissimilar to the pixels which b feature vectors derived from 1 clustered data. The generalized algorithm initiates k cluster centroids by rand the feature vectors are grouped into k clusters using a selected distance measure such as Euclidean j centroids based on their group members and then regroup the feature vectors according to the new cluster c when all cluster centroids tend to converge. Similarity is measured by distance and defined by an N dimensi differs from spatial distance calculation. Feature distance calculation is based on features such as color or int calculation is based on x, y (width, height) coordinates.
Devising an appropriate distance calculation method is an important task since it greatly affects final cluster be able to effectively compromise among multiple parameters. Furthermore, defining similarity parameters clustering errors. For instance, two objects with similar color and texture properties but different shapes will this kind could be fatal in content based retrieval system where shape is of substantial importance in produc algorithms may be generally classified into four main categories which are hierarchical, overlapping and excl are based on union between two nearest clusters. They start by setting every pixel as a cluster and progress [3]. Overlapping clustering algorithms are based on fuzzy sets. Each pixel may belong to two or more cluster result is produced either in a ranked manner or by selecting an appropriate degree of membership for each p exclusively group pixels, such that if a pixel belongs to a particular cluster then it could not belong to any oth clustering algorithms and is the backbone of this paper's methodology. K means algorithm starts clustering random or using some heuristic data. It then groups each image pixel under the central point it is closest to. averaging the pixels grouped under each central point. The two former algorithmic steps are repeated altern longer change by averaging). The limitations of K-means clustering are many iterative rounds may be requir