Electrostatic layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly is a versatile technique based on alternative adsorption of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes, inorganic nanoparticles, macromolecules or even supramolecular systems on charged substrates to build up multilayered composite films in a controlled manner [21]. Since the LbL assembly technique is independent of the size and topography of substrates, and uniform multilayers can be formed on substrates with different spatial structures, charged fibers can be used as substrates
to conduct the electrostatic assembly [22]. Compared with
previously reported methods like dip-coating [16] and padding
[15] used to generate nanostructures on fibers, the LbL assembly
technique has the advantage of being able to tailor the surface
morphology of the nanostructures by controlling the assembly
cycles, and also the advantage of good durability because of the
electrostatic interactions between the negatively charged silica
nanoparticles and the polycations. Here it should bementioned that
for superhydrophobic fabric, its durability against washing remains
a great challenge; Daoud et al. [15] reported the static contact angle
of cotton fabric decreased from 141◦ to 105◦ after 10 wash cycles,
and Gao et al. [23] also reported the dramatic decrease in the static
contact angle of superhydrophobic cotton fabric from 155◦ to about
105◦ after 10 wash cycles. In this study, we report on the fabrication
of superhydrophobic cotton fabrics by electrostatic LbL assembly
of silica nanoparticles and polycations on cotton fibers and subsequent
treatment with fluoroalkylsilane. The surface morphology
of the silica nanoparticle-assembled fibers can be tailored by the
assembly cycles, which makes it available to study the effect of
the surface morphology on the static contact angle and the contact
Electrostatic layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly is a versatile technique based on alternative adsorption of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes, inorganic nanoparticles, macromolecules or even supramolecular systems on charged substrates to build up multilayered composite films in a controlled manner [21]. Since the LbL assembly technique is independent of the size and topography of substrates, and uniform multilayers can be formed on substrates with different spatial structures, charged fibers can be used as substratesto conduct the electrostatic assembly [22]. Compared withpreviously reported methods like dip-coating [16] and padding[15] used to generate nanostructures on fibers, the LbL assemblytechnique has the advantage of being able to tailor the surfacemorphology of the nanostructures by controlling the assemblycycles, and also the advantage of good durability because of theelectrostatic interactions between the negatively charged silicananoparticles and the polycations. Here it should bementioned thatfor superhydrophobic fabric, its durability against washing remainsa great challenge; Daoud et al. [15] reported the static contact angleof cotton fabric decreased from 141◦ to 105◦ after 10 wash cycles,and Gao et al. [23] also reported the dramatic decrease in the staticcontact angle of superhydrophobic cotton fabric from 155◦ to about105◦ after 10 wash cycles. In this study, we report on the fabricationof superhydrophobic cotton fabrics by electrostatic LbL assemblyof silica nanoparticles and polycations on cotton fibers and subsequenttreatment with fluoroalkylsilane. The surface morphologyof the silica nanoparticle-assembled fibers can be tailored by theassembly cycles, which makes it available to study the effect ofthe surface morphology on the static contact angle and the contact
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