Abstract— This paper models a traditional supply chain with
three levels, manufacturer and retailer, for managing the orders
and inventories of perishable products. A hybrid approach,
based on systems dynamics and optimization, was used to reduce
the bullwhip effect along the supply chain, increase fill rates and
reduce total costs (order, inventory and stockout costs). The
hybrid approach, with optimization, was able to improve the
results for perishable products. This model was also tested by
using an electronic point of sales (EPOS) co