tomato seeds (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Xi Nong 2011)were sown in hole trays in a seedling substrate (pH 5.5–6.5)with an organic mass fraction ≥50% and a humic acid mass frac-tion ≥ 20%. When the third leaves were fully expanded, seedlingswere transplanted into rectangular hydroponic containers andsupplied with half-strength modified ShanQis nutrient solutioncontaining