The rise of the Internet and electronic commerce provide a
huge marketspace and unique transaction process for digital products.
It is signi¯cant to discuss whether established marketing models can be
revised for digital products. First, the unique features of digital products
are systematically reviewed, and then three typical digital products, in-
cluding e-books, anti-virus, and online translation services, are analyzed
and compared utilizing three established marketing models, including
4P, 4C, and 4S. We ¯nd that these marketing mix models have di®erent
suitability for three typical digital products. The intention of this paper
is to provide a reference for enterprises in selecting marketing mix model
according to product's categories and to provide a marketing strategy
tool kit.