The number of tools to develop a productive and profitable dairy herd that is genetically superior continues to grow. All of the old methods, such as crossbreeding or selection, are still available and new information is coming from biotechnology. The latest aid comes from the new science of genomics. Genomics is the mapping and sequencing of genetic material in the DNA of a particular organism. As genomics becomes more sophisticated, it may actually identify genes and their role. But even now, it may be utilized to increase the effectiveness of sire evaluation.