Concerning the differences between education
systems in both countries, participants of the research were
nominally studying at different educational levels; English
students were in Year 12 or Year 13 in further education
while Turkish students were in the 12th grade of secondary
education. In total, 779 students participated in the study.
586 students (269 girls, 317 boys) from Turkey were selected
through stratified randomsampling.These students attended
three different types of secondary schools and followed the
same biology curriculum in Turkey.