In summary, appropriate diagnostics can facilitate implementationof fire blight control and management measuresbefore significant damage occurs. The use of pathogen detectionassays on-site can improve fire blight management andminimize the risk of economic loss, especially consideringthat apple growers do not routinely request lab tests and mainlyrely on imprecise visual diagnosis to identify fire blightinfection. Nonetheless, rapid and accurate fire blight diagnosiscan ultimately enhance the profitability of orchard operations,and entire value chain involved in apple nursery, production,marketing, retail, and product development business