The cost of addition and subtraction operations is less than the cost of multiplication operation (Dwivedi, 2013).
For example, the calculation of 96*97 multiplication operation using Nikhilam algorithm is shown in Fig. 2. This
multiplication operation is calculated with four 1-digit multiplication along with some addition and shift operations
in classical multiplication method. As it is seen in flowchart, Nikhilam algorithm requires one multiplication, one
addition, three subtraction and one shift operations in order to perform this multiplication operation. Therefore,
Nikhilam algorithm is more efficient than classical multiplication method.
The multiplication of two 3-digit decimal numbers which are greater than the nearest base is calculated as
shown in Fig. 3. As it is different from the multiplication of two 2-digit decimal numbers which are smaller than the
nearest base, the nearest base is subtracted from the multiplicand and multiplier. The calculation of 106*107
multiplication operation using Nikhilam algorithm is shown in Fig. 4. According the flowchart, the result of 3-digit
multiplication operation is calculated with only one 1-digit multiplication. In addition, 3-digit multiplication
operation requires nine multiplications in classical multiplication method.