At the college and university levels, there are major concerns that the U.S. is loosing its technology and engineering leadership to other countries in the world. The Aerospace Industries Association of America reported in 2008 that the U.S. is currently experiencing a chronic decline in homegrown STEM talent, and is increasingly dependent on foreign scholars to fill the workforce and leadership voids (The Aerospace Industries Association
of America, 2008). Similarly in 2007, the total number of foreign citizens studying in the U.S. (including undergraduates) has passed the half-million mark. Nearly one-third of all graduate students enrolled in the U.S. universities now come from abroad (The National Academies, 2007).