The disasters of the past years in different high risk industries (e.g. aviation, offshore, nuclear) push for a
moment of reflexivity about learning from accidents. In the aftermath of these events, one wonders
whether learning from accidents remains a viable endeavour for companies and states or whether
recurring technological disasters such as these seriously and definitely undermine any attempt to prove
the feasibility of learning. Progress has certainly been made in the past, but apparently not enough so to
be able to reach the highest safety levels, even in systems with dedicated resources. As a result of the
current situation, some have been able to argue that ‘we don’t learn about disasters’. Although appealing
and right, this is a very generic statement. There are many studies addressing aspects of learning from
accidents which are in a position to bring insights about the drawbacks of learning. But this wealth of
research is also part of the problem. When one wants to step back and to look broadly at the topic, to
understand the reason why ‘we don’t learn’, one is left with a fragmented scientific literature covering
a very large spectrum of interests and views on the subject. This paper tackles this problem by first
designing a framework to organise the diversity of studies and second, by extracting four lessons on
learning from accidents, putting together for this purpose works in psychology, sociology and political
science.
The disasters of the past years in different high risk industries (e.g. aviation, offshore, nuclear) push for amoment of reflexivity about learning from accidents. In the aftermath of these events, one wonderswhether learning from accidents remains a viable endeavour for companies and states or whetherrecurring technological disasters such as these seriously and definitely undermine any attempt to provethe feasibility of learning. Progress has certainly been made in the past, but apparently not enough so tobe able to reach the highest safety levels, even in systems with dedicated resources. As a result of thecurrent situation, some have been able to argue that ‘we don’t learn about disasters’. Although appealingand right, this is a very generic statement. There are many studies addressing aspects of learning fromaccidents which are in a position to bring insights about the drawbacks of learning. But this wealth ofresearch is also part of the problem. When one wants to step back and to look broadly at the topic, tounderstand the reason why ‘we don’t learn’, one is left with a fragmented scientific literature coveringa very large spectrum of interests and views on the subject. This paper tackles this problem by firstdesigning a framework to organise the diversity of studies and second, by extracting four lessons onlearning from accidents, putting together for this purpose works in psychology, sociology and politicalscience.
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