pH of ruminal fluid
On the last day of each 14-d treatment period, ruminal fluid of goats was collected with needle by puncturing the rumen wall. The puncturing site, on the horizontal line, which connects the pregenual skin fold with the last rib, was clipped and disinfected. Then, abdominal and ruminal walls were punctured with a 90 mm-long 1.5 mm gauge epidural needle with mandrin and ruminal fluid was taken for pH analysis using Sartorius pB-10 pH meter (Sartorius, Germany).