(fm ¼ 0.025) of these beverages. Because water crystallizes in pure
form, two simultaneous phenomena occur: the cryo-concentration of soluble components and the confinement of particles in a smaller volume of unfrozen aqueous phase due to the expansion of ice (Thanasukarn et al., 2004). Thus, the unfrozen aqueous phase of the frozen SB has a noticeable higher viscosity than the aqueous phase of the initial, unfrozen SB; in this way, mass transference processes like protein aggregation or flocculation/coalescence of oil droplets would be unfavored. However, this effect is clearly masked by the screening of the electrostatic repulsion between particles as aconsequence of the cryo-concentration of salts and the confinement of the particles in a small volume of unfrozen aqueous phase,
thus, the aggregation processes prevail. Due to the low oil mass fraction (fm ¼ 0.025), protein aggregation play a preponderant role in the destabilization of SB after freeze-thawing. An observation made by Yeh et al. (1981) provides some support. In that work, Illinois SB prepared by high pressure homogenization without calcium salts addition were centrifuged at low speed and a fiber-rich debris was separated. Then, freeze-thaw stability of noncentrifuged and centrifuged SB was comparatively evaluated.