Perhaps some of the reasons for this difficulty lie with issues like Karen’s personal discomfort with technology and her belief that technology was frivolous to learning science. Another potential explanation may lie with some of Denise’ issues. Denise had learned science through lectures and other experiences to promote critical thinking. For her the focus was on promoting critical thinking and students should just use the technologies, as tools, and there was no need to understand them. The other student teachers all demonstrated a broader perception of students gaining knowledge of the science or mathematics of the particular technologies they used. The reason for this difference is unclear. But, teacher preparation programs need to consider specific directions to guide student teachers in expanding their understandings of the interactions of the knowledge of technology and the knowledge of their subject area.