Taste attributes evaluation Panellists rated the samples for five attributes, including sweet- ness, bitterness, residual aftertaste: i.e. sweet after taste (sweet. AT), bitter (non-sweet) and off aftertaste. The residual aftertaste was measured approximately 20 s after swallowing the sample. The scale used was rated from zero to 10 where zero = the absence of the attribute, while 10 = the attribute is extremely intense (Hanger, Lotz, & Leponiotis, 1996; Stone & Sidel, 2004).