Transformation efficiency was calculated as transformants observed PCR positive for nptII transgene/number of callus pieces initially inoculated with Agrobacterium × 100. The three rows of data indicate the three independent experiments. Transformation efficiency data in each experiment are an average of three replicates. The ± symbol denotes the SD values of transformed cultures. The rightermost column shows the mean transformation efficiencies for three experiments each performed in triplicate. One way analysis of variance of transformation efficiency demonstrated that there was no difference among experiments (p = 0.8492).