The surge in UN peacekeeping and peacebuilding operations has contributed to the decline in conflict and enhanced prospects for human security. The number of UN peacekeeping operations increased three-fold between the first forty years of the UN’s founding and the twenty years since—from 13 to 47 missions (United Nations Peacekeeping website, UN n.d.). More recently, a UN Peacebuilding Commission was inaugurated in 2006. Its goal is to assist in post-conflict recovery and reconstruction, including institution-building and sustainable development, in countries emerging from conflict. The UN has also been centre-stage in promoting the idea of humanitarian intervention, a central policy element of human security (see Ch.30; see also International Commission on Intervention and state Sovereignty 2001). The concept of humanitarian intervention was endorsed by the report of the UN Secretary-General’s High-Level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change, A More Secure World (2004: 66, 106), the subsequent report by the Secretary-General, entitled In Larger Freedom (UN March 2005), and finally by the UN Summit in September 2005.