Metabolic imprinting is an epigenetic response to a nutritional challenge during early life
that permanently alters physiological outcomes in later life (Lucas, 1991). Thus, identifying
nutritional strategies that enhance calf performance during early life, and subsequently improve
mature production parameters, may provide unique opportunities to optimize feed resources and
increase the profitability of beef cattle operations. Further, the growth performance of early-
weaned (EW) calves is highly efficient, and the early-exposure to high-concentrate diets may
improve feedlot performance and marbling scores (Myers et al., 1999a,b). Yet, high-costs of
feeding concentrate-based diets for extended periods may limit the adoption of EW management
by producers. Thus, EW adoption by producers may be increased if additional information on
alternative nutritional management systems for EW beef steers and their long-term consequences
on performance is provided.