show an appreciation of how in practice, models are constructed, justified and continuously revised as they are used to probe new phenomena and collect additional data (e.g. the various atomic models)
show an appreciation of scientific attitudes such as creativity and open-mindedness in creating models to explain the fundamental nature of things and the willingness to re-examine existing models
show an awareness that technologies resulting from knowledge of the atom have created social and ethical issues, risks and costs (e.g. atomic bomb)