Salmonella infections are a significant cause of the global burden of morbidity and mortality. Salmonellae are divided into typhoidal serotypes (Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and Salmonella enterica serovar Paraty- phi A) and nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) serotypes. In 2010, there were approximately 3.4 million cases of invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella (iNTS) disease worldwide, resulting in an estimated 681 316 deaths [1]. Invasive NTS caused 4 847 000 disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) lost, or approximately 70 DALYs lost per 100 000 persons worldwide. Despite a substan- tial burden of disease, deaths, and DALYs lost, iNTS disease, in comparison with other major infectious dis- eases (Figure 1), has received little attention as a major public health problem.