2.3. Converting between methods
The EN 717-1 and ASTM E 1333-96 were the reference methods
for the evaluation of the FE. In these methods, samples were placed
in a constant humidity chamber with controlling the temperature,
air was continuously replaced and the test was completed once
constant emission reached. ASTM E 1333-96 measured the CARB
new standards [22], which the Phase 1 emission, 2009 was
0.18 ppm and Phase 2, 2011 was 0.09 ppm. A comparison of the test
conditions and formaldehyde standards for particleboard in Europe
vs. those in the U.S. were shown in Table 3 [23e25]. The international
limiting values for the formaldehyde parameters of particleboards
are presented in Table 4.
In attempting to reconcile the relationship between measures of
particleboard panel FC between Europe and Japan methods, linear
equations correlating the values of EN 717-1 and EN 120 tests to the
JIS A 1460 test have been developed [25]. The equations developed
and listed in Table 5 were used to develop the relationships
between the EN 717-1 and EN 120 tests, for subsequent comparison
with ASTM E 1333. The results were compared with the corresponding
standard values of emissions grade for all methods used
in this study for particleboards.
2.4. Experimental design
The formaldehyde concentrations data found from the two
groups of particleboard (P2 and PL) measured by EN 120 and 717-2
were analyzed using the general linear model (GLM) procedure
in SAS [26] for a completely randomized design, with 2 board
types 3 board thicknesses in a factorial arrangement with
different repetitions [27]. The significance between the means was
tested using a least squares means (LS means) with the statistical
model:
Yij ¼m þSi þBj þ Si Bj þ Eij
where Yij represents the formaldehyde concentration value for the
two board types (i) for each of the three board thicknesses (j); m,
2.3. Converting between methodsThe EN 717-1 and ASTM E 1333-96 were the reference methodsfor the evaluation of the FE. In these methods, samples were placedin a constant humidity chamber with controlling the temperature,air was continuously replaced and the test was completed onceconstant emission reached. ASTM E 1333-96 measured the CARBnew standards [22], which the Phase 1 emission, 2009 was0.18 ppm and Phase 2, 2011 was 0.09 ppm. A comparison of the testconditions and formaldehyde standards for particleboard in Europevs. those in the U.S. were shown in Table 3 [23e25]. The internationallimiting values for the formaldehyde parameters of particleboardsare presented in Table 4.In attempting to reconcile the relationship between measures ofparticleboard panel FC between Europe and Japan methods, linearequations correlating the values of EN 717-1 and EN 120 tests to theJIS A 1460 test have been developed [25]. The equations developedand listed in Table 5 were used to develop the relationshipsbetween the EN 717-1 and EN 120 tests, for subsequent comparisonwith ASTM E 1333. The results were compared with the correspondingstandard values of emissions grade for all methods usedin this study for particleboards.2.4. Experimental designThe formaldehyde concentrations data found from the twogroups of particleboard (P2 and PL) measured by EN 120 and 717-2were analyzed using the general linear model (GLM) procedurein SAS [26] for a completely randomized design, with 2 boardtypes 3 board thicknesses in a factorial arrangement withdifferent repetitions [27]. The significance between the means wastested using a least squares means (LS means) with the statisticalmodel:Yij ¼m þSi þBj þ Si Bj þ Eijwhere Yij represents the formaldehyde concentration value for thetwo board types (i) for each of the three board thicknesses (j); m,
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