In addition, TOC reduces bioavailability by adsorption/binding, making effects more prominent in low TOC waters more typical for Chile (Fig. 3A). The above mentioned water quality issues can be treated using current techniques. For Al: liming, seawater addition, silica lye addition, or combinations of the two latter may be used. For Fe, oxidation by oxygen or ozone, provided sufficient subsequent retention time.
In addition, TOC reduces bioavailability by adsorption/binding, making effects more prominent in low TOC waters more typical for Chile (Fig. 3A). The above mentioned water quality issues can be treated using current techniques. For Al: liming, seawater addition, silica lye addition, or combinations of the two latter may be used. For Fe, oxidation by oxygen or ozone, provided sufficient subsequent retention time.
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